MINT MARK IN INDIAN COINS

MOSTLY ALL INDIAN COINS ARE HAVE DIFFERENT TYPE OF MARK UNDER FIGURE OF YEAR.
eg Indian coin having year of 1999, under the year mark is appeared,that is express the  coin minted place. star is appear ,that is hyderabad mint.

INDIA MINT PLACES

1.MUMBAI
2.DELHI
3.CALCUTTA
4.HYDERABAD
5.NOIDA MINT

1.MUMBAI MINT:
                   HAVE VERY SMALL DOT or HAVING IMAGES OF DIAMOND MINT SPECIAL MARK UNDER THE YEAR OF THE COINS.

Bombay (Mumbai) Mint has a small dot or a diamond under the date of the coin (year of issue). The Proof coins from this mint have a mint mark ‘B’ or ‘M’.

2.DELHI MINT:

3.CALCUTTA MINT:
                    NOT APPEAR ANY ONE MARK ,PLAIN OR NO MARK

Calcutta mint has no mark under the date of the coin (year of issue). Many people confuse “c” found under some coins to be from calcutta mint. However, that symbol belongs to the Ottawa mint in Canada.

4.HYDERABAD MINT:
                    HAVING STAR IMAGE    
 Hyderabad Mint has a star or a diamond under the date of the coin (year of the issue). The other mint marks from Hyderabad include a split diamond, and a dot in the diamond.
     
5.NOIDA MINT:
                    HAVING IMAGES OF BIG OR SMALL DOT

Noida mint has a dot under the year of issue (coin date).

Many of the India coins have been minted in foreign mints over the years. Some of the mint marks of these foreign mints are given below.

Royal Canada Mint
The Royal mint at Ottawa, Canada has a small letter “c” as the mint mark which is placed beneath the year of the issue.

The Seoul Mint
Seoul mint mark is a five point star. The mark is placed exactly on the first or the last digit of the year of issue (date of coin).

The Royal Mint London
The Royal mint at Birmingham has a small dot which is placed exactly on the first digit of the year of issue.

The Moscow Mint
The Moscow mint has a mark MMD under an oval which is placed under the year of the issue of the coin.

Heaton Press Mint UK
The Heaton Press mint UK has a mark “H” under the last digit of the date. The symbol is decorated.

Mexico City Mint
The Mexico City mint has a mark “M beneath o” under the date of the coin (year of the issue)

The other foreign mints where Indian republic coins were minted include Kremnca Mint, Pretoria Mint (South Africa) and Dominican Republic mint.

KEDER NATH @ KETHER NATH

Lord Shiva

Kedarnath Jyothir-linga Temple

kedarnath is located in himalaya mountain in uttarkant state.Kedarnath is a holy town for hindu

relgion. It is a nagar panchayat in Rudraprayag district located in the Indian state of

Uttarakhand. Kedarnath is located in the Himalayas, about 3584m above sea level near the head

of river Mandakini, and is flanked by breathtaking snow-capped peaks making it most remote site

among all four char dham sites.

    The Kedarnath Temple, and is a popular destination for Hindu pilgrims from all over

the world, being one of the four major sites in India's Chota Char Dham pilgrimage. The temple

is believed to have been built by Adi Sankaracharya and is named in honor of King Kedar who

ruled in the Satya Yuga. The Kedarnath temple existed from the times of Mahabharata, when the

Pandavas are supposed to have pleased Shiva by doing penance in Kedarnath. Kedarnath is

located at 30°44'N 79°04'E30.73°N 79.07°E. It has an average elevation of 3,553 metres (11,657

feet). During winter due to heavy snowfall, the temple is open only between the end of April to

Kartik Purnima (the autumn full moon). During the winters, the murtis (idols) from Kedarnath

temple are brought to Ukhimath and worshipped there for six months. In this region, Lord Shiva

is worshipped as Kedarnath, the 'Lord of Kedar Khand', the historical name of the region.

    When Palki of Lord Kedarnath is transferred, People shift their settlement too from

Kedarnath to nearby villages. Around 360 families of Tirtha Purohit of 55 villages and other

nearby villages are dependent on Kedarnath for livelihood. The temple opens on Akshaya Tritiya

(April end or first week of May) and closes on Bhai Duj (October end or 1st week of November)

due to heavy snowfall and extreme cold weather during winter. In between Rudraprayag and

Kedarnath there are several places of pilgrimage such as Agastyamuni, Ukhimath, Phauli-

Pasalat Devi Maa, Bamsu (Lamgoundi) Vanasur, Maa Kali at Kalimath, Trijugi Narayan (7 km

from Son Prayag) (Where Lord Shankar got married to Goddess Parwati from when the fire of

hawan kund is still alive) and Kashi Vishwanath at Guptakashi.

KEDER NATH @ KETHER NATH

 Kedarnath Jyothir-linga Temple(Lord Shiva)       

   kedarnath is located in himalaya mountain in uttarkant state.Kedarnath is a holy town for hindu relgion. It is a nagar panchayat in Rudraprayag district located in the Indian state of  Uttarakhand. Kedarnath is located in the Himalayas, about 3584m above sea level near the head  of river  Mandakini, and is flanked by breathtaking snow-capped peaks making it most remote site among all four char dham sites.

       The Kedarnath Temple, and is a popular destination for Hindu pilgrims from all over the world, being one of the four major sites in India's Chota Char Dham pilgrimage. The temple is believed to have been built by Adi Sankaracharya and is named in honor of King Kedar who ruled in the Satya Yuga. The Kedarnath temple existed from the times of Mahabharata, when the Pandavas are supposed to have pleased Shiva by doing penance in Kedarnath. Kedarnath is located at 30°44'N 79°04'E30.73°N 79.07°E. It has an average elevation of 3,553 metres (11,657 feet). During winter due to heavy snowfall, the temple is open only between the end of April to Kartik Purnima (the autumn full moon). During the winters, the murtis (idols) from Kedarnath temple are brought to Ukhimath and worshipped there for six months. In this region, Lord Shiva is worshipped as Kedarnath, the 'Lord of Kedar Khand', the historical name of the region.

When Palki of Lord Kedarnath is transferred, People shift their settlement too from  Kedarnath to nearby villages. Around 360 families of Tirtha Purohit of 55 villages and other nearby villages are dependent on Kedarnath for livelihood. The temple opens on Akshaya Tritiya (April end or first week of May) and closes on Bhai Duj (October end or 1st week of November) due to heavy snowfall and extreme cold weather during winter. In between Rudraprayag and Kedarnath there are several places of pilgrimage such as Agastyamuni, Ukhimath, Phauli- Pasalat Devi Maa, Bamsu (Lamgoundi) Vanasur, Maa Kali at Kalimath, Trijugi Narayan (7 km from Son Prayag) (Where Lord Shankar got married to Goddess Parwati from when the fire of hawan kund is still alive) and Kashi Vishwanath at Guptakashi.

INDIA(MODI)- INVITE- AMERICA(OBAMA)

INDIA(MODI)- INVITE- AMERICA(OBAMA)

kaditham

ØÃòD \]©¸uzöB ¼\¦D  ¶kìïÓÂz,

>ºïÓç¦B >u¼ÃVç>B óµWçéŠ ¼k>çªçB WçªÝm  cõç\BVï¼k ¼k>窩Ã|D  éâ¼ÄVà éâÄD >twï \Âï¹_  åVÐD Îòk[. >VºïÓÂz g®>_ \u®D ¶âçkü ØÄV_KD  kBmD >z]¥D, ¨\Âz Ö_çé ¨[Å ¼ÃVmD ¶>uïVï g>«kVï ¶[ÃVª kVìÝç>ïáV_, g®>_ ØÄV_éV\_ Öò©ÃmD >k®. >Vºï^  EM\VÝmçÅl_ ÖòÍm kÍm, >twï gâE©Ãèl_  Îò ç\_ ï_éVï ÖòÍ> Wçél_ (Eâ|ÂzòsÂØï[ª ïâ|©ÃV| ¨ª ·>Í]«\Vï kVµÍ>  Wçél_) ֩ý EçÅkVÄÝ]_ Öò©Ã>V_  ¨ªm  E® kB]oòÍm  >u¼ÃVç>B ïVéD kç«, >Vºï^ *>Vª  ¶y> ¶[¸ªV_, ¨\ÂzÝ Ø>öÍ>çkïçá  >Vºïám ïkªÝ]uz ØïVõ| kÍ>V_Š¶m °¼>ÐD Îò kçïl_ g®>éVï¡D, c>sBVï¡Dí¦ ÖòÂzD, ¨[Ã>VKD >s«, ¶m ¨[ ¼ÃV[Åkìï¹[ ï¦ç\ ¨[®  Ö>[ JéD Ã衦[ >Vºï¹¦D  í¤ÂØïV^þ¼Å[.>Vºïám >M©Ã⦠]Åç\  ( Dinamic Power with potentiality) cçw©A, EÍ>çª, ØÄB_ÃV|ïáV_, >Vºï^ ¨Ý>窼BV! å_é ]⦺ï^, åuïVöBºïçá >tµåVâ½uzD, >tµ \ÂïÓÂzD  ]ÅDæ ØÄFm^Cìï^. ¶]_ tïtï xÂþB\Vª>Vï

    1. éVâ¦ö Ø>Vaçé ÀÂþBm  (°çwï^ kVµs_ sá¼ïu¤Bm)

   2. \çwÀì ¼Äïö©¸[ ¶½©Ãç¦çB AzÝ]Bm  

                        3. ÄV«VB kò\VªÝç>  ¶«· kò\Vª\VÂþBm

  4. ïVsö, x_çé© ØÃöBV® ¨ª Ö[ÐD ¨Ý>窼BV ¨Ëká¼kV ÄV>çªï^ ¶m ¶Ý>窥 >Vºïám  >M©Ã⦠ >Mß ÄV>çªï¼á!. ¶>çª, ¨[¼ÃV[Å ¨Í> ïâE¥D ¼Ä«V>kìï^ Îò¼ÃVmD \ÅÍms¦¡t_çé.>Vºïçá \ª]uz^ ÃV«V⦠>kÅ¡t_çé. ¶Í> å[¤çB >u¼ÃVç>B  óµWçél_,>Vºï¹¦¼\,  ·â½Â ïVõ¸Âï ¼kõ½Bm  ¶½©Ãç¦ \M>Ý >[ç\BVª ØÄB_ ¨[Ãç>s¦ ÃõÃV| ¶m>V[.

1. >Vºïám kwÂþuïVï, À]\[ÅÝ>V_  >õ¦Ý Ø>VçïBVï s]Âï©Ãâ|^á ØÃöFFB Ø>Vçïlçª Îò¼kçá, >Vºï^ À] \[ÅÝ]_  ØÄKÝmD  ÃâÄÝ]_ ¶m¡D Îò¼kçá  À]\[ÅÝ]_  ¨©Ã½ ØÄKÝ>©Ãâ¦m ¶>uzD, >VºïáV_  kò\Vªkö ï⦩Ãâ¦>V? ¨ª  ¼\_xçÅXâ| À]\[ÅÝ]_ ¼ï^sïáV_, skV]Âï©Ã¦éVD¨ª Eé ÃÝ]öÂçï, »¦ïºï^ Ø>ös©Ã>V_, ¶Í> Ø>Vçïlçª  ¨[ ¼ÃV[Å éâ¼ÄVà éâÄD  åÃìï^ E®E® Ø>VçïBVï (kò\Vª köÂzâÃâ|) >MÝ>MBVï (Seperatively Join and cumulatively pay)>tµåVâ½[ ÎËØkVò  Ãz]l_ ÖòÍm, >VºïÓÂïVï ØÄKÝ> >BV«Vï c^¼áVD. ( Öm >twï \ÂïÓÂzŠ >tµåVâ½uz >Vºï^ AöÍ> å_é ÄV>çªïÓÂz å[¤Â寧Vï ØÄKÝmkm.

2.>Vºï^  ÖÍ]B ]竩æÝmçÅl_, z¤©ÃVï >tµÝ ]ç« mçÅl_,  EÅÍ> å½çïBVï,ú﹩¸çª ØÄFm kÍ> ¶Í> ïVéÝ]¼é¼B, ¶y> ÄJï ØÃV®©A¦[ >Vºï^  ¼>EB EÍ>窥D, >s« ¸ÅòÂz  c>¡D å_é  \ª©ÃV[ç\¥¦[ ÖòÍm kÍyìï^ ¨[Ãm ÃéòÂz  °¼ªV! Ø>öBs_çé. ¶©¼ÃVç>B ïVéÂïâ¦Ý]oòÍm-妩A ïVéD kç«,  >Vºïám  ØÄVÍ> kò\VªÝ]_ þç¦Ý> Ø>Vçïlçª ÄJïÝ][ Ã_¼k®Ã⦠°çwïÓÂz >V¥^áÝm¦[ c>s¥^Cìï^, c>s ØÄFmD kòþSìï^. cŠD (ÄJï A«âEBVáì  ( Social Revolutionist)>Íç> ØÃöBVö¦D, >Vºï^ °çwï¹[ c>sÂïVï kwºþB åçïï^ ÃðD ¼ÃV[Åçk c>V«ð\Vªçkï^) ¶Í>  ¶½©Ãç¦l¼é¼B >Vºï^  x>_ ¶ç\ßÄ«Vï  x>[x>o_ Ãè ØÄFB kÍ> ïVéD, ¶>[ ¸[A 妩A ïVéD >s«, ¶>uz, xÍç>B ïVéï⦺ï¹KD í¦, >Vºï^, ÄJï Ø>Võ¦Vu®D  ØÃV®©A^á åëVï ÖòÍ>>V_>V[, >Vºïám  ØÄVÍ>  cçw©ÃV_ þç¦Ý> Ø>Vçïl窥D, ÄJï ¸Å åÃì﹦xD  ÃðD, ØÃVò^ ¼ÃV[Åçkïçá, >Vºï^, ØÃVm åéÐÂïVï kó_ ØÄFm,  ¶Í>Ý Ø>Vçïlçª, °çw, ¨¹B \Âï¹[ \òÝmkD, ï_s, ·ïV>V« ¼\DÃV|,  ]ò\ðD, ¼ÃV[Å ¶½©Ãç¦  ¼>çkïÓÂz Öm ïVéD kç«  >V¥^áÝm¦[  c>sBVï ¶¹Ým kòkm Š ¶ËkákVï  ¨kòD \ÅÍm s¦s_çé”.

3.¶ËkV®  >Vºï^ JéD °çw, ¨¹B \ÂïÓÂz c>s ØÄFk>uïVï  >Vºï¹¦D Ãéì  ØïV|Ým ¶>çª >Vºï^  >sìÂï ÖBéVm ¼ÄtÝm çkÝ>ç> >k®>éVï ¸Åì AöÍm ØïVõ¦>V_>V[, >VºïÓÂz ÖÍ>, ÖÂïâ| °uÃâ|sâ¦m ¨[ü> cõç\. å_é ¨õðÝm¦[ ¸Åì å[ØïVç¦ÂïVï ØïV|©Ãç> kVºþ, ÃéòÂz å[ØïVç¦BVï ØïV|ÂzD¼ÃVm ÖÍ> \V]ö >k®ï^ å¦Ím kòkm ÄïÛD.WßÄBD  ÖÍ> Wçé¥D \V®DŠ ïVé\VuÅÝ]_ ¨m¡D  \V¤s|D. >Vºïám >u¼ÃVç>B Wçé¥D  Eé \èÝm¹ï¹_ \V¤s|D. >Vºï^ ÖÍ> ÄJïÝ]uz ØÄF> ú﹩A ØÄF> åuØÄB_ïÓÂz Ãé[ >Vºï^ *>Vª ¶çªÝm kwÂzï¹oòÍm  s|>çé ¨[ÅŠ Øku¤BVF þç¦ÂzD.  >ºï^ >M©Ã⦠kVµs_  ¨Ëká¼kV ¼ÄV>çªïçአ>Võ½ kÍmsâÏìï^Š Ö]KD  WßÄBD Øku¤ ØÃV®kVìï^ ¨[Ãm \â|\_é! °çªB ¶Ý>çª kwÂzïçá¥D Øku¤ ØîTìï^ ¨[® cºïçás¦ åVºï^  yì\Vª\Vï åDAþ¼ÅVD.>ºïÓç¦B >u¼ÃVç>B óµWçélKD í¦, ·BåéÝm¦[ ØÄB_Ãâ| g>VBD ¼>¦ W窩Ãkìï^ WçÅFB, >Vºï¹¦tòÍm  °>Vkm g>VBD þç¦Âz\V! ¨[® ¼ÃVoBVï ¼k­t|Ãkìï^ ¨õèÂçï Ö[ÐD,  WçÅFB c^áVìï^.  ¶>ªV_, cõç\BVª s­Bºïçá >Vºï¹¦D \çÅÝm  ¶>çª >Vºïám ïkªÝ]uz ØïVõ| kÍ>V_, å\Âz EÂï_ kÍms|D, þç¦Ým kòþ[Å g>VBD W[® ¼ÃVFs|D ¨[® >Vºïám ïkªÝ]uz  Øïõ|k«V\_ ¼ÃVª s­Bºï^ Äu® ¶]ïD.ÖÍ> Wçé >Vºïám  kwÂþKD Ãé«V_ °uÃâ|^ám. ¶>ªV_>V[ ÖÍ>  ¼>çkBuÅ EçÅkVÄD ¨[Ãm.  WBVBkV]ïÓÂz \â|¼\ Aö¥D. >Vºïçá ·u¤ ¨Í> WellwhiserD Ö_çé ¨[Ãç>s¦, >Vºï^ *m cõç\l¼é¼B ÃVÄD, ¶[A¦[ Öò©Ãkìï^ ¨kò¼\ Ö_çé! ¨[®>V[ WßÄB\Vï Ø>öþÅm.

4.WßÄB\Vï >Vºï^, >u¼ÃVç>B ÖÍ> ÖÂïâ¦Vª  óµWçéloòÍm,  *õ|  s|Tìï^, ¶Í> ]Åç\, ç>öBD, \ª koç\ zçÅBV\_ c^ám ¨[ÅVKDí¦ >Vºïám >u¼ÃVç>B kBm,  c¦uóµWçél_ ¼k>窩Ã|km>V[ ¨ºïÓÂzD y«V> ¼k>çªBVï c^ám.  \[MÂï¡D >VºïÓÂz g¼éVÄçª ØÄV_KD ¶ásuz ¨\ÂzÝ >z]l_çé ¨[Å ¼ÃV]KD, ÃVÄD, ¶[A, \öBVç> ¼ÃV[Å ¶½©Ãç¦ >[ç\l_ ¼kõ½Â ¼ïâ|ÂØïV^km BVØ>M_,

5.>Vºï^ *m cõç\BVª ¶[A, ÃVÄD, \öBVç>¥¦[ ÖòÂzD  åÃìïçá, >B¡ íìÍm  ¼>½¸½Ým, ( ¨Í> ¸«]ÃéÐD ¨]ìÃVìÂïV> cõç\BVª åÃìï^) ¶kìï¹[ íâ| g¼éVÄçª z¿sçª WBtÝmŠ z¤©ÃVï

Advocate Advisory Committee ¨[Å ¶ç\©¸çª ( ÖÍ>  kwÂz \â|\_é Ö>« ¶Ý>çª kwÂzï¹oòÍm  Øk¹¼B®k>uïVï) A]B>Vï còkVÂþ, ¶Í> z¿ ØÄF¥D skV>D, gF¡, ¶¤Âçï ¼ÃV[Åçkïçá, >VºïÓD gF¡ ØÄFm, ¸[, ¶>çª, >Vºï^ *>Vª ¶Ý>çª kwÂzïÓÂzD,  xçũý  ÃB[Ã|Ý]© ÃVìÝ>V_, ¶Ý>çª kwÂzï¹KD  ÖòÍm  >Vºï^ *á x½¥D  ¨[Ãm, ¨[¼ÃV[Åkìï¹[, cõç\BVª ¶[A¦[ ¼\u¼ïVáVï Ø>öB©Ã|Ý] ØïV^á©Ã|þÅm.

ÖËká¡  \Âï^ ØÄ_kVÂz  tÂï >VºïÓÂz, Ãðß ØÄ_kVÂz ¨[Ãm, Îò ÃVmïV©ÃuÅ ¶«¼ª ¨[Ã>V_Š ïa©Ãç>  ïaÝm, ÀÂzkç> ÀÂþ Š Àõ¦ Øå½B ïVéD, Øå½B g¥Ó¦[ kVw  ¸«VÝ]Ým ØïV^á©Ã|þÅm.

¼\KD, >Vºï^ >twï åé[ïÓÂïVï, ØÄF> åuïVöBºïÓÂïVï å[¤Â寧Vï, >Vºï^, ¶çªÝm kwÂzï¹oòÍm,  >Vºïçá  *âئ|©Ã>uïVï,  >Vºï^ ØÄF> ÄV>çª ]⦺ï^  >Í> å[ç\ \u®D  ¶çk Ãé \VWéºï¹KD ¸[ÃuÅ©Ã|k>V_,¶çkïçá  ¼\u¼ïV^ïáVï ïVõ¸Ým ¨[¼ÃV[Å  éâ¼ÄVÃéâÄD åÃìï^ ïòçð \ÐkVï  \]©Atz  ÖÍ]B ÛªV]Ã], ¸«>\ì, >çéç\ À]Ã], MP, MLA, >s«  ØÃVm\Â﹦D ï½>Ý][ JéD  xçÅX| ØÄFm >Vºïçá  *âئ|Âï, ÃöÍmç«Âï  ¼kõ|k>uz  >BV«Vï¡D c^¼áVD ¨[Ã>çª tzÍ> ¶[A¦[ í¤ÂØïV^þ¼Å[.

kÝ>éÂzõ|     

  cõç\¥^á,

25/10/2014

                                                                                      ( Ö.Øĺzâ|k[ )

          z¤©A:

¨m¡D >kÅVï ÖòÍ>V_ \[MÂï¡D (ÖÍ> ï½>D  >Vºï^  Øúïjò ë©Ãª ¶Â«ÇV« \Ý]B EçÅßÄVçél_ ÖòÍ> ¼ÃVm  >ÃV_  JéD ¶Ð©Ã ¨¿]Bm)

Ö.Øĺzâ|k[, M.A (PM& IR)., B.L., P.G.D.C.A., P.G.D.T., kwÂï¤Qì,

¼\uzÝ Ø>ò,

ïâ¦ÂïV\[Ãâ½ Š 624 202,  

]õ|Âï_ \Vkâ¦D.

Cell: +9196889 23311 senguonline@yahoo.co.in

This letter is published in my blog of : www.seransenguttuvan@blogspot.com